Poem is one of many ways to explain about our feeling; it can be abutment between us and the reader. The advancement of it can make a changing in every period, because we can influence the other by our writing, it’s not except Marianne Moore who had shown her ideology as the one who was refused the rule of poetry at that moment. She criticized about romanticism which made a rule of poetry. Marianne Moore’s reaction to romanticism had completed imagist movement which had led American poet between 1915 and 1917. This is called the three principles of imagism:
1.
Direct treatment of the
“thing,” whether subjective or objective.
2.
To use absolutely no word
that does not contribute to the presentation.
3.
As regarding rhythm: to
compose in the sequence of the musical phrase, not in the sequence of
metronome.
Even though she was identical with imagist movement, but in
the end she has separated her ideology. She was precise, elliptical, allusive
but more discursive, commutative and meditative. “Moore’s verse relies on a
connection between the imagined and the perceived. She often focuses on an
object as the keystone of a tightly constructed poem that leads her reader to
an ethical or “useful” statement. The objects ranged, over the course of her
poetic life, from animals to political figures to office furniture. Her
philosophy holds that people suffer through a loss of purpose or a lack of
understanding of significance.” (Encyclopedia of American literature Marshall
Boswell and Carl Rollyson 189).
At her poem, she imagined that the best
thing when we had been appreciated effete, we had to go back to Him, the
Prophet of Christian Habakkuk, based on his perception poem was a divine
revelation which was consist of an advice. It was related with Hebrew poetry which
could heighten our impression about feeling and told with the reader. “Moore’s verse relies on a connection between the imagined
and the perceived. She often focuses on an object as the keystone of a tightly
constructed poem that leads her reader to an ethical or “useful”
statement. (Marshall Boswell and Carl
Rollyson 189). Moore wanted that the
meaning of a poem was explicit; it should not followed by the rule which made
the poem itself different. The meaning of a poem can be understood by many ways,
we can find it with searching key words or we can find out about background of
a writer. According to Frederick Schleimacher that when we interpret something
we can read an expression of a writer by knowing the time when it was written,
so we can get the true message of it. We can know the genuine meaning from the
other understanding, as we know that meaning of a word can be different if the
writer used the allusion and symbol.
Moore’s though had been
giving a reflection that American poetry has a significant changing at each
period. But when the advices or messages in a poem couldn’t be understood as
good as the readers wanted it could have been a problem. Even though, it was
their characters of a romanticism which talked about something illogical or
transcendent. Moore brought back the poem to the bible and she has introduced
that she was a meditative person who deep knowledge about her background
religion. I think that something which contains deep meaning it’s not always regular.
Without rule of something we can create anything but can show the destination
directly. Even though Robert Frost said that it was like playing tennis without net.
The second poem is poetry.
It’s a satire of the previous poem of romanticism which the style was
transcendent or illogical. Why did she wrote “I too dislike it “? What for it
is purposed? And she continued it by a symbols and allusion. Someone who
doesn’t understand about poem itself will explain it explicitly, but we can get
the real comprehension about it. As Frederick said that we can read the context
when it was written. Moore wrote that there were still more important beyond
all this fiddle. Will the reader said that fiddle there is really an instrument
to play music? But as we know that fiddle always shows morose sound because the
character of it is sad or freak out. And we know that romanticism always
related which something illogical and had a rule in it. Romanticism made a
distinction about content which would be understood by the readers. For example
in “young good man brown “, it told about a dream. It explained the accident of
context at that time, and had a deep connected with religion of puritan. It’s
an example of a short story. And in the poem, we can see from Emily Dickinson
which is the title is I died for beauty – but was scarce, it is talking about
something which can’t be explained by our experiences, it needs more
comprehension about our intuition. There are many poems or story to compare
with Marianne Moore to get the genuine meaning of her diction “fiddle “. So we can say that the fiddle is bullshit,
even she said that something which meaningful
was not a high sounding interpretation about something about the advice and
message of it is the most important. The genuine meaning is a destination of a
poem and we will interest in poetry, it was the last sentences in poetry. It is
so irony, at the first she said that she too dislike it. So what kind of poem
which was disliked? And why in the last she tried to make the reader aware that
poem is something to create imaginary garden with the real roads???
So what’s going on in the
middle of that poem?? She used the animals with their characters; it was as
symbols that everything we do should give the impression which can’t be forgotten.
Even though there are many distinctions in it, but when something has dragged
into a rule, they can’t show their genuine idea. And the result is not poetry. Poets
will be same to write their poems, and its monotous. And she continued with put
the word “insolence and triviality“. It was describing that something which is
different will get it from the others. If we talked about poems, what is
genuine in it??? And Marianne Moore answered it by “the imaginary gardens with
the real roads “. It means that we can make a something with our own way,
without the intervention of the others. And its the real genuine, and the
genuine of our idea is the message which can be catched by the readers. Isn’t
the satisfaction will fell when the other satisfied of it???
If we open literary in our
country, everyone knows about Chairil Anwar. I think he is same as Marianne Moore;
they are separated with the others. If we compare there is a distinction
between them. Marianne Moore uses explicit poem’s irony as a reaction to the
previous labors and Chairil Anwar use a symbol to show his expression which
said “I am a wild animal which castaway from the group “, he continued with “the
wound and poison could took. Run away, I wanted live 1000 years again “. In
fact, his poem is still alive until now. The symbol of wound and poison are
critics and censures from the poets because he had been being himself as free
verse poets. It’s same as Marianne Moore.
That is a counter of previous
poem which just show the beauty and style but the meanings are so hard to interpret.
Even though there are many methods to interpret text or poem, for example we
can use Paul Recouer’s methods “discontextualization and recontextualization “.
We can interpret it by understanding the symbols and let the historical
contexts but we will difficulty for the first time if we do not have knowledge
enough. Especially in poem, there are many allusions and symbols, that all
about metaphor. There are implicit meaning and figurative language. The genuine meaning will come and we can get
great impression of a poem when we can open it all hidden.
REFFERENCES
Encyclopedia
of American literature Marshall Boswell and Carl Rollyson 2002.
Robert D. Habich and Robert C. Nowatzki Ball State University A Bruccoli Clark Layman Book Guide Romanticism and transcendentalism 2010
Lili Awaludin & Dian Nurrachman Survey of American
Literature: The Anthology of learning Materials (fisrt half semester)
Dian Nurrachman Survey of American Literature: The
Anthology of learning Materials (second half semester)
George Parker Anderson Research Guide to American
Literature 2010
Kaelan: Filsafat Bahasa “filsafat analitik &
hermeneutic “
Microsoft Student Encarta Dictionary.
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